At 5 watts, the EPD Laboratories transmitter in Tonopah was still heard 115 miles away in Keeler, according to the presenters. Steve McGreevy received the signal on a radio receiver, not a matched coil. Hakasays and Justin Miller document the apparatus, measurements and range tests in their 111-minute ESTC 2026 presentation.
The project follows Tesla’s Colorado Springs research into earth-coupled transmission. The team has not yet measured propagation speed or separated the radio and telluric contributions to the received signal: “we can’t measure the speed of propagation at the moment.”
The site’s electrode is “a pair of 10,000 gallon buried water tanks.” Justin Miller shows the digging, sealing, welding and backfilling it took to make them usable: “So again, huge amount of work to excavate these tanks, secure them.” With about 100 watts and careful tuning, Hakasays measured “about 2.4, 2.5 amps of RF current going into the earth.”
Current measurements, range tests and beacon hardware
2019 wired scale model: Eric Dollard’s 2019 20-to-1 model of the Colorado Springs system, where “this one wire is powering up 500 watts,” through a wire, not the earth.
Ten feet that mattered: moving the coil from the deck into the shop took the impedance from about 10 ohms to about 18.
Light bulbs as test loads: automotive turn signal bulbs as an impedance check when the vector network analyzer “wasn’t giving us the right info.”
Below 5 watts: with the radio at its minimum, they detuned the system and estimate reception in Keeler fell away “somewhere between, we think, about 1 and 2 watts.”
A daytime drive: two eight-foot CB whip antennas on Eric’s car, to a minimum discernible signal about 56 miles out.
CW beacon hardware: an Arduino CW keyer built around a mercury-wetted relay, so surges from the transmitter would not “smoke the electronics.”
What the 115-mile reception does not establish
“We know it has a radio component to it, we know it has a telluric component to it,” Hakasays says. To separate the two, he proposes a time-of-flight test with GPS-disciplined oscillators at each end. It has not been run yet: “And we just don’t know until we do deeper measurements.”
Supporting Eric Dollard’s research
EPD Laboratories, Inc. is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit research organization carrying Eric Dollard’s work forward at its Tonopah, Nevada field site, where this transmitter stands. Donations are tax-deductible. Donate to EPD Laboratories.
Energy Times readers hear about each ESTC 2026 release as it goes live, along with new books, papers and research from emediapress.com. It is free, and you can leave any time. Get Energy Times.
Terry McMenomy’s unfinished wind catcher turns in his field video as his wind meter reads 5.6, then 9.8. He calls the wind “less than 10” and says “10 miles an hour is a daily thing” where he lives. His 82-minute Efficient Wind Catching Tech presentation with Peter Lindemann, from ESTC 2026, is now available to download.
Lindemann co-founded this conference with John Bedini and has spent decades on motors, batteries and energy research. Here he turns to inexpensive wind-catching concepts for home builders, showing how the ideas performed in the shop and what remains to be tested.
The separate conventional windmill that faults in gusts
McMenomy then shows the conventional windmill they already own, 50 feet off the ground. It runs at 20 to 40 miles an hour. When a gust spikes past 40, “it sends it into fault,” and “it takes it five minutes to reset itself, and by the time it’s reset, the wind is gone.”
Cross-flow versus Savonius: speed and torque
Drag versus lift: cup anemometers, Savonius rotors and Darrieus machines, the basic vertical axis wind turbine shapes, against propellers, and why, unlike aircraft, “wind turbines can use drag to increase efficiency.”
A fan on a variac: “so we could vary the speed and see how well the different rotors that we built worked.”
Speed against torque: “The cross-flow fan turned the fastest, and the multi-bladed Savonius had the most torque.”
A design that hit a limit: a deeper-cup version that, “even if we threw twice the wind at it, it wouldn’t go faster.”
The first shop spin: McMenomy’s leaf-blower test of the larger rotor, a spin he timed at two minutes, before it went outside.
Windmill history, Waters’ calculation and open questions
The community of windmills at Nashtafan, Iran, that ground grain on a prevailing wind. A grid-tied machine about a mile from Lindemann’s house, installed in 2011, whose owner, Lindemann says, “wouldn’t do it again.”
Mike Waters’ prototype against a six-foot propeller, with the hundred-fold figure Lindemann gives as Waters’ calculation, not a measurement. Diverters that close around the rotor “in about five minutes” when the forecast says high winds. And the online question on mass flow and back pressure: “Those ideas may have validity, and my basic philosophy is everything should be tried.”
Energy Times readers hear about each ESTC 2026 release as it goes live, along with new books, papers and research from emediapress.com. It is free, and you can leave any time. Get Energy Times.
Hakasays lights a bulb using the self-oscillating exciter circuit most people buy online, drawing about seven watts. Then he removes the feedback winding, the primary and the driver circuit, one at a time. On a hobby signal generator putting out a quarter to a third of a watt, the bulb stays lit. “So I think we’ve made a better Tesla coil. We’ve done the same output with almost no power.” His 2026 ESTC presentation, Build A Better Tesla Coil, 137 minutes, is out now as a download.
The two-coil spark gap machine everyone calls a Tesla coil is not the three-coil arrangement Tesla ran at Colorado Springs. Hakasays has been building coils alongside the EPD Laboratories work, including the telluric transmission platform, ever since the 2019 conference showed a 20-to-1 replica of the Colorado Springs system built by Eric Dollard and Bruce Gavin.
The coil on his bench was wound at the conference itself, in the first day and a half. He finds its resonance live with a signal generator, a scope and a field strength meter. Then he works the quality factor of an earlier coil on screen: 1470 and 1463 kilocycles, 7 kilocycles of bandwidth, “we divide that, the 1466 by 7, and we get a 209 quality factor.” He compares that 209 with the 30 to 60 he reports for faithful spark gap replicas. “And you can see for yourself. You don’t have to trust me for this.”
For builders
Frame material, ranked by loss: “The PVC is one of the worst materials that you could use to wind a Tesla coil on.” And: “You’d be better off winding a coil around a tree.”
3D printing: why dark filaments are a trap (the pigment is usually carbon) and what to print with instead.
Wire and spacing: gauge, cost and weight, and why turn spacing changes what the coil is.
What killed a telluric coil: unpolished copper tubing oxidized in the air, and the fix.
Matching the drive: Bruce Gavin’s method for letting a 50-ohm ham radio see a match, “set it and forget it.”
Inside the 137 minutes
Three demonstrations on stage. The striations in the lit tube, which he attributes to “where the fields have nodes.” The field strength meter walked backward across the room, 50, 40, 15, down to about 5, “nowhere near the coil.” Why Tesla ran between 50 and 100 kilocycles. One three-coil system lighting 400 watts on another through a single wire. And his closing line: “Go forth and build.”
Energy Times readers hear about each ESTC 2026 release as it goes live, along with new books, papers and research from emediapress.com. It is free, and you can leave any time. Get Energy Times.
Someone watching online asked what to do when you understand the theory but do not have the tools. The answer came straight back from the stage: “Kitchen table. Seriously. Work in your living room.” That is the closing panel of the 2026 Energy Science and Technology Conference in one exchange. The full 130 minutes is out now, free to download and keep.
Aaron Murakami moderates Hakasays, Jeremiah Ferwerda, Adrian Marsh, Al Francoeur, Tom DiFerdinando, Terry McMenomy, Davy Oneness and Justin Miller. After a week of prepared talks they sit in a row and take questions from the floor and the online stream, with no slides and no script.
The coil in the luggage: Hakasays on building his demonstration coil two to four days before the conference, winding it on site, and knowing from geometry, wire and frame that it would perform before he measured it.
Nine pumps: Jeremiah Ferwerda on six years of prototyping, the shop, and the disk-spacing question he turns down: “we have had people try to copy and take our work.”
Half a mile of dead line: Justin Miller on the only cut he ever made on the 12 kV side of a transformer, how he confirmed the line was dead, and how badly his hands shook anyway.
Every band snowed: Al Francoeur firing his Mobius coil and finding UHF, VHF, television, AM and FM all turned to buzz.
Eight years off the grid: Al on the fridges, freezers, trailer and RV his system has run for over eight years, and the smart meter he refused.
The ether argument: Marsh and DiFerdinando on how to polarize more ether, then the real disagreement between them, which is not about the ether at all. Marsh: “The spirit is unknowable.” DiFerdinando: “If the spirit is real, it’s a part of reality.”
Where each presenter’s own talk picks up
Most of the panelists have a full 2026 presentation of their own, alone or with a partner. The panel is where you hear them argue about each other’s work; the talks are where each one shows his own. Tom DiFerdinando’s Orgone Energy came out yesterday, and Hakasays’ Build A Better Tesla Coil is out tomorrow.
Energy Times readers hear about each ESTC 2026 release as it goes live, along with new books, papers and research from emediapress.com. It is free, and you can leave any time. Get Energy Times.
James DeMeo put distilled water in an open glass dish inside an orgone accumulator, nothing added, nothing touching it. The water then showed UV absorption at 240 to 280 nanometers and fluorescence at 300 to 500 nanometers. The UV signature was not there in the untreated distilled water. Tom DiFerdinando’s 2026 ESTC presentation, Orgone Energy, 137 minutes, is out now as a download.
DiFerdinando is director and president of the Orgone Biophysical Research Laboratory, worked beside DeMeo about a month a year for over 20 years, and now keeps DeMeo’s books in print and is making his archives available to scholars. He opens with how Wilhelm Reich’s story ended: he died in prison, his books and journals destroyed by FDA order. “You know your stuff is really on target if they arrest you, put you in jail, and burn your books.” Then he lays out the theory and turns to the part of Reich’s work that was instruments, photographs and repeat measurements.
Reich’s bion experiment is grass in water under a microscope, watched for days, and the blue pulsating vesicles that form at the edges. DiFerdinando shows the time-lapse footage and explains why he says the motion is not Brownian: heating or cooling the water does not change it the way Brownian motion should. “Anybody can do this. This isn’t like magic or anything.”
Instrument readings and comparisons
Thermistor: DeMeo’s 24-hour runs, accumulator against control on a rotating mount in a shielded shed, and the low-humidity August 2004 day when the peak relative to the control came at noon, not four in the afternoon.
Seed sprouts: four years of matched mung bean trials at workshops, with the accumulator sprouts “like nearly doubled.”
Life energy meter, live: Dave Marett’s solid-state version of Reich’s field meter. A magnet, heat, static and light move nothing. A hand moves the needle without touching the plate. A crystal reads about 8%, a lemon far higher.
Spectrograph: DeMeo’s accumulator water against untreated water, and against exclusion zone water, storm water, snow melt and DNA.
Sidereal time: Dayton Miller’s interferometer on Mount Wilson, hundreds of thousands of readings that look like noise by civil time and form a pattern by sidereal time. “You don’t get any better than that.”
The second hour
DeMeo’s gravitor turning on archival video from Green Springs, Oregon. The World Behavior Map built from more than a thousand cultures. And the Q&A on why the accumulator is always a box: DeMeo tried 10 or 12 shapes, and “it wasn’t dramatically different.” DiFerdinando’s own summary: “The orgone’s been physically objectified and demonstrated. You can see it, feel it, measure it, photograph. All those things have been done.”
Energy Times readers hear about each ESTC 2026 release as it goes live, along with new books, papers and research from emediapress.com. It is free, and you can leave any time. Get Energy Times.
Adrian Marsh’s other 2026 ESTC presentation, The coMra Effect, is out today as a free download: the full 131 minutes, yours to keep. It is the first half of a two-part argument. The second half is A Foundation for True Science, released this morning as well, and Marsh built that talk on the framework he lays out in this one.
coMra stands for Coherence Achieved Through Modulation of Radiances. Marsh, who took his PhD in physics at the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, working on superconducting coherent quantum effect devices, says the three words have to be understood together: a laser, LEDs, permanent magnets and ultrasound, combined with “specific geometry, timing, and modulation,” do something as a set that none of them does alone. He spends the talk showing what he means by that, on the device and on camera.
The moment to watch for is the biofield imaging footage, run at one tenth of normal speed. An early coMra device sits on the bench by itself; then it is placed on a person, and a rotating pattern Marsh calls the etheric vortex forms where the two meet. Then he says what the imaging shows when one input is taken away.
No LEDs, no vortex. “If you take away the LEDs, you don’t see the vortex.”
No magnet, no vortex. “You take away the magnetic field, you don’t see the vortex either. This is what I mean by coherence.”
The laser at the center. Marsh assigns each input a role: the coherent laser sets the message, the three colored LED triangles carry it, the permanent magnets contain the vortex, the ultrasound works on the physical side.
The geometry behind it. Three rotating triangles forming a nine-pointed star in his Toltec framework, then the same figure drawn onto the device with the laser in the middle.
Two kinds of image, kept apart
Marsh also shows a BioWell before-and-after from a coMra Pro 905 session, ten minutes apart, and he is careful to say what it is: a Kirlian-type fingertip instrument whose proprietary software renders the readings as a chakra-based picture. You see the two images, you hear how they were produced, and you hear his reading of them in the same minute of the recording. The biofield video and the BioWell graphic are different things and he treats them that way.
Where he draws the line
Near the end an audience member asks the medical question: have there been controlled trials on heart rate variability, blood pressure, physiological parameters? Marsh answers that he is not a medical doctor, that a colleague works in a clinical environment with doctors who do measure, and that the group publishes from time to time. Then: “We are not making medical claims.” What the devices are used for, and what he and others say about using them, is in the recording in their own words; this post stays on the physics and the images.
For the Tesla crowd
Coherence, Marsh says, is what he has been chasing for 30 years: in Cooper pairs moving with a lattice at Cambridge, in Tesla apparatus, and here. His matching-network analogy comes straight off the coil bench: without one, the power bounces back to the generator, and he says the same thing happens between a vibration and a being. And his line on over-unity: “True over-unity is actually inspiration. And if you want to build an over-unity machine on the bench, then model inspiration.”
Inside the 131 minutes
The Toltec framework: tree of life as the etheric spectrum, the 21 jewels of awareness, numerology as his tool for reading the device’s numbers (905, 980, 520, 375 nanometers). The slow-motion imaging. The coMra Pro in hand, its two controls and the infrared laser you can only see through a phone camera. The manual and the protocols he says were worked out empirically over 15 years of production. The Q and A: how his group developed the system, the year it took to make the first prototype, the seed-in-the-mouth question on coherence, and the medical question above.
The 2026 ESTC releases so far
Gangrene Energy, Eric Dollard, on the dirty electricity in the utility system. The Alexanderson Antenna, Eric Dollard, from the Bolinas blueprints to a radio telescope pointed into the Earth. Onan and Dynamotor Tech, Al Francoeur, a motor-generator that ran from April 17 to the solstice. And out this morning with this one, A Foundation for True Science, Marsh’s second talk, with his etheric resonator on the analyzer.
Hear about each release first
Energy Times readers hear about each ESTC 2026 release as it goes live, along with new books, papers and research from emediapress.com. It is free, and you can leave any time. Get Energy Times.
In his 2026 ESTC presentation, Adrian Marsh asks why over-unity experiments remain so difficult to replicate. He then discloses his etheric resonator for the first time and presents measurements from an Advantest TR4173 analyzer, a phone EMI test and oxygen-17 NMR water comparisons. A Foundation for True Science, 141 minutes, is out now as a download.
He opened the last morning of the conference with a poll. Who in the room has witnessed an over-unity machine working? Who has seen the plans? Who has replicated one? Then the question the whole talk answers: “So why does free energy in over-unity remain so elusive? We have experience, we’ve seen it, but why is it still so elusive?” Marsh holds a PhD in Physics from the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge, has been part of the ESTC research team since 2019, and has spent 30 years on this.
coMra Wave: From Resonance Research to Everyday Application
From Radiant Life Technologies:
Following Dr Adrian Marsh’s presentations at ESTC 2026, Radiant Life Technologies has published a new article exploring coMra Wave, its underlying resonant technology, and some of the experimental work presented at the conference.
The article covers NMR and dissolved-oxygen measurements, observations from plant-growth experiments, and how the coMra Wave Coaster, Cell and Pendant bring the same resonant principle into everyday biosupport. Research continues, with new applications of the coMra Effect already in development.
Marsh’s answer to his own question is not a missing component value. “If you want to replicate someone’s over-unity machine, you need to align the same intent. Because when you align the same intent, it’s going to work.” He traces his own path: when he found Eric Dollard’s work he set out to replicate Dollard’s experiments as accurately as he could, “because if I did that, and I did it as accurately as I could, then I would actually get a sense of his intent, of what he was trying to explore about Tesla.” The first hour develops that argument, drawing on conventional experiment and on his framework of esoteric science, and he says plainly which is which.
RF transmission test: 49 dB at 2.45 gigacycles
Marsh announces “a first-time disclosure” of what he calls an etheric resonator, a device he says resonates in both the electromagnetic spectrum and the etheric one. The full design is shown in the presentation. Then he puts it between two matched antennas on an Advantest TR4173 and sweeps it from 300 megacycles to 3.2 gigacycles.
Calibrated first. The empty plastic test structure is measured and normalized flat before the resonator goes in.
2.45 gigacycles. The upper spectrum shows a major component there. “You might recognize that frequency.”
49 dB. The transmission attenuation at that component against the calibration without a resonator. Marsh explains why it is absorption and not reflection: “It’s not being reflected back to the generator. It’s a matched condition.”
The rest of the spectrum. Major components at 1.3 and 1.4 gigacycles, which he places at the OH band and the hydrogen line, a minor at 1.54, and lower components at 375.6 and 780.
On a phone. Mounted on a cell phone in an EMI test receiver setup, the resonator takes 33.5% off the two measured peaks. The phone’s 906 GSM frequency sits next to the resonator’s 920 minor resonance. “We didn’t design this.”
Oxygen-17 NMR: 68 Hz control, 59 Hz samples
Marsh reads the RF attenuation as absorption rather than reflection. He then turns to water to see whether exposure goes with other measurable changes. Two resonators go into ordinary tap water from the research facility and the samples go through oxygen-17 NMR, where the half-width is his measure of cluster size. The control reads 68 Hz, inside the 65 to 75 he gives as typical for tap water. Both resonator samples read 59 Hz, inside the 50 to 60 he gives for spring and natural water. The run takes about four hours and he states 2 to 3 Hz of drift over that time as the margin of error. A 9 Hz shift, he says, “shows a significant change in the structure of water and a reduction in the cluster size.” Dissolved oxygen follows, rising from about 54 to 65 after 15 minutes on the resonator and 67 at 30 minutes without agitation, and then a twelve-day plant comparison, repeated with cress.
He also says what is not settled. “Many aspects of the etheric resonator remain as yet unknown and unexplored. It is a research in itself.”
Inside the 141 minutes
The poll and the replication question. The two journeys, scientific and esoteric, and how he proposes bringing them together. The first-time disclosure and the equivalent circuit. The full sweep, the phone test, the NMR, the dissolved oxygen, the plants. And a Q and A on whether linear sine waves, sideband heterodyning and disruptive discharge are equal (the second and third, he says, produce a much stronger effect, “particularly the non-linear”), a follow-up on displacement current, and his capacitor-discharge explanation, demonstrable “with high voltages, with capacitors, inductors, and disruptive circuits. So spark gaps.”
The 2026 ESTC releases so far
Gangrene Energy, Eric Dollard, on the dirty electricity in the utility system. The Alexanderson Antenna, Eric Dollard, from the Bolinas blueprints to a radio telescope pointed into the Earth. Onan and Dynamotor Tech, Al Francoeur, a motor-generator that ran from April 17 to the solstice. And out this morning with this one, free, The coMra Effect, Marsh’s other 2026 talk and the first half of this argument. The free 2026 Panel Discussion, nine presenters with no script and no slides, follows on Tuesday.
Hear about each release first
Energy Times readers hear about each ESTC 2026 release as it goes live, along with new books, papers and research from emediapress.com. It is free, and you can leave any time. Get Energy Times.
Al Francoeur switched on Dynamo No. 1 in his rebuilt power shop on April 17. He did not switch it off until June 21, the solstice, and only because he was leaving for the conference and will not leave it running unattended. Day and night at about 700 rpm, with two squirts of bearing grease once a month. “And it run flawless. Perfect.”
His 125-minute presentation from the 2026 Energy Science and Technology Conference is the bench report on that machine and the ones around it. He has been off-grid for eight years, since he refused a smart meter and the utility cut him off. He winds every coil by hand. Three dynamos are built, and a fourth is 90 percent complete.
Francoeur draws one line at the start and holds it: “pending third-party independent verification of all energy systems, I will refrain from stating over unity or efficiencies in these energy systems.” What he shows instead is the apparatus, the wiring, the run times, the scope traces and the burned bulbs, in enough detail to build the same thing. “Well, this is my fourth machine now. And again, it’s working. Again and again. It’s repeatable.”
A motor and a generator at the same time
The dynamo is a brushless permanent-magnet motor-generator that Francoeur calls a magnetic paddle wheel. Battery A drives the pulses. Battery B charges from the generator coils. Battery C catches the spike when the coils collapse, and the harder he loads the rotor, the bigger the spike into C. In his words, “the EVs aren’t doing that.”
The build is plain and visible. Ten-and-a-quarter-inch phenolic rotors carry neodymium magnets around a steel keeper ring, twelve poles on the rotor and ten coil positions at 36 degrees on the stator, Lexan and phenolic throughout, stainless axles. “It’s like a continuous horseshoe magnetic field around and around the rotor.”
It does not need speed. At about 180 rpm, the 35-pound rotor barely turning, it lights a bank of incandescent bulbs at full brightness. “It doesn’t need to go fast to produce power. Full power.” Off the solar panels it runs at 1,400 rpm, dipping and recovering as clouds cross the sun. “I don’t use LED lights at all. I want lights that load the system down.”
Two coils caught fire, so he rewound everything
The pulse coils on the early machine ran hot while the generator coils stayed cool, and one morning two of them burned, smoke in the room. He marked the hot side of each core with red tape and redesigned the windings. The classical coil took 59 feet of magnet wire; his double-helix mirror-image coil takes 10 feet a side, on hollow amorphous ribbon cores, and runs cooler. The switching is as simple as he could make it: one 1-megohm resistor, one hall sensor and one MOSFET on a removable module, terminal studs instead of a circuit board. Dynamo No. 3 adds X-vertex crossover wiring, and No. 4 moves the generator coils nearest the rotor.
One night the 35-pound rotor slowed to a stop and spun back up the other way, witnessed by two people. He suspects vibration shifted a hall sensor, and says that is a suspicion, not a finding.
The Onan that burns the bulbs
The second half of the talk is old iron. Francoeur tracked down five 1964 Onan LK light plants from fire stations and classified ads and converted four. The Onan LK is a 2.5-kilowatt light plant with AC slip rings and a DC commutator on the same rotor, and he sets his restored units beside the Onan in Robert Alexander’s patent to show the same machine design. Run on 24 volts through a 5-ohm potentiometer, a twist of the knob trades axle torque for AC output and back.
Then close the series field switch with the rotor at speed. The rotor slams to a stop while twelve 100-watt bulbs flash like a camera, with half-inch forked arcs inside the glass, and some of the bulbs burn out. The faster it stops, the bigger the burst. He scales up from there to three vintage 10-kilowatt Kohler generators, one from a junkyard with 2,100 hours on it.
What is inside the full 125 minutes
The three-battery system and the meter readings he reports on battery B and C.
The coils, the cores and the switching module, with every part number.
The closed loop: battery B through an inverter and a bench supply into six 1-farad capacitors, the rotor still at 700 rpm under load.
The dual-rotor Dynamo No. 2 and the iron flux gate between its rotors.
The waveform he asks the room about, seen on a digital scope and again on a vacuum-tube scope. “What do you call that? Is it real or not, or is it an error? Both scopes showed it.”
The Q&A: ignitrons versus MOSFETs, GaN switches, short coils versus long, and putting a Kohler in a Volkswagen as an analog EV that motors and generates at the same time.
You do not need to be an engineer. The talk is photographs and video from the shop, and the circuit is simple enough that he shows every part number. The video gives you what a post cannot: every coil, every meter reading and every demonstration, from a builder who has kept four machines running.
Eric Dollard’s Gangrene Energy is his master class on dirty electricity, and his Alexanderson Antenna goes from the Bolinas blueprints to a radio telescope pointed into the Earth.
Energy Times announces each 2026 conference release as it comes out. It is free, and you can leave any time. Get Energy Times.
Aaron Murakami Energy Science and Technology Conference · emediapress.com
At 14, Eric Dollard walked into the RCA transmitting station on the cliffs at Bolinas, California. By 16 he had the keys. He held the original Marconi blueprints while he was still in high school, learned the station from men who had worked for Marconi, General Electric and RCA, and later inherited the station records and diagrams.
What had been built there was not what RCA taught him. His 223-minute presentation from the 2026 Energy Science and Technology Conference explains what the Alexanderson Aerial actually was, why it is not an ordinary antenna, and what he is building with it in mind at Tonopah, Nevada.
Dollard did not stop at paper. He lived in the powerhouse and the antenna field and dug the Marconi, GE and RCA dumps along the cliffs for the hardware that had been thrown away: porcelain inserts from the series coil with the corona burns still on them, and an eight-saddle shunt-coil insulator he spent a week breaking out of Navy concrete. The pieces told him what the drawings left out, including series condensers nobody had drawn.
A structure that operates in unison
His conclusion, from the blueprints, the station records and the dirt, is that the phase of the current is invariant along the whole length of the Aerial. “There’s no delay and there’s no advance. Everything operates in unison.” He builds the case from the loading of transmission lines in the work of Steinmetz and Heaviside: lag networks and lead networks arranged so the advance of one cancels the delay of the other. When he ran the numbers, the electrostatic power flow was orders of magnitude larger than the electromagnetic. In his analysis the Aerial is electric, not electronic, and not an electromagnetic antenna at all.
A scale model makes it physical: 2,700 feet becomes 27 feet, 19 kilocycles becomes 1,900 kilocycles in the 160-meter amateur band, and the reactance stays at 1,800 ohms.
The Marconi aerial by the numbers
From the constants of the Marconi setup, Dollard works out the aerial that came before it: 3,000 feet long, 600 feet wide, 300 feet up, 44.77 kilocycles, 1,540 amperes at 100,000 volts, a magnification factor of 513. “It rang like a bell.” The RCA-207 water-cooled triodes that followed took 22 volts at 55 amps on the filament, and four of them made 50 kilowatts continuous. “It made all the lights dim in the town of Bolinas when you key one of these things.”
Ten years listening at Landers
Dollard built a receiving version at Landers: a 900-foot Alexanderson antenna under an 1,800-foot beverage antenna, ground rods driven into greasewood roots because the granite would not take them, the inside of the Earth on one speaker and the outside on the other. “And what I heard there and measured was absolutely stunning.” It taught him why Tesla built metallic roots instead of a radial ground, and why each loading network needs its own spot of ground. “Whatever is up in the air has got to be buried in the ground.” His summary of the whole idea: “This thing is a radio telescope to listen to the interior of Earth.”
The Tonopah line, pole by pole
The last part of the presentation leaves the equations and walks the right of way: a 54-pole line over about 2.1 miles, built to Bell System open-wire standards from hardware harvested out of the Mojave and the Great Basin. The aerial section strung so far runs 4,800 feet, from pole 49 to pole 26, with the Alexanderson pair in the center and the outer pairs transposed so they cannot talk to it. For now it runs as a simple capacitance aerial, like the Marconi aerial at Bolinas; the Alexanderson loading networks are the next stage.
Dollard shows the loading points, the 120-year-old pole on a 45-degree slope, the guying that stops one broken pole from pulling the whole antenna down, and the Bell carrier repeater cabinet in the ravine where the signal comes out at a level you can hear in a telephone receiver. “Everything you see here is basically a museum.” Still to come are the carrier pairs to the mine, its seismic transducers, and the public display he calls the musical seismograph. “I’m going to hang a sign on the door that says no software allowed past this point.”
What is inside the full 223 minutes
Bolinas from the inside: the 1913 Marconi powerhouse, the Navy pushing Marconi out, and Steinmetz handing the antenna to Ernst Alexanderson.
The lineage of the electric wireless, from Franklin’s kite through Loomis, Tesla, Hertz and Marconi.
The units rebuilt from scratch in CGS, and the Steinmetz-Heaviside power equation in plain algebra.
Loading, from the undersea telegraph cable to the Aerial, and the space scalar condition.
The scale model, the Landers installation, and the Tonopah crossarm patterns.
The Q&A, including the working Alexanderson station in Sweden and the analog instruments Dollard trusts.
You do not need to be an engineer. The opening is history and people, the mathematics is simple algebra with the units defined before they are used, and the last part is photographs and pole numbers. The video gives you the derivation and the Tonopah line in one sitting, from the one person who slept in the Bolinas powerhouse and is building the next one.
Dollard’s other 2026 presentation, Gangrene Energy, is his master class on dirty electricity. Al Francoeur’s Onan and Dynamotor Tech is the bench report on a motor-generator that ran from April 17 to the solstice. For the background on Bolinas itself, see Wireless Giant of the Pacific.
EPD Laboratories, Inc. is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit carrying Eric Dollard’s work forward at its Tonopah, Nevada field site, where the line is being built. Donations are tax-deductible. Donate to EPD Laboratories.
Energy Times announces each 2026 conference release as it comes out. It is free, and you can leave any time. Get Energy Times.
Aaron Murakami Energy Science and Technology Conference · emediapress.com
Eric Dollard put his ammeter on an 800-amp switchboard in a building with a computer center. Phase A read 80 amps. Phase B, 80 amps. Phase C, 80 amps. He had been taught that when the phases are balanced the neutral carries nothing, so he almost did not measure it. The neutral read 80 amps, and none of it was 60 cycles. It was all triple odd harmonics: the 3rd, the 9th, the 15th.
That reading is where Gangrene Energy begins. It is Dollard’s name for dirty electricity, and the subject of his 155-minute presentation from the 2026 Energy Science and Technology Conference: where the current in a balanced neutral comes from, how the grid was opened up to carry it, and what the ground pin in every wall outlet is really connected to.
Dollard was drawing utility poles at six. A fifth-grade teacher carried his transformer drawings to the Pacific Gas and Electric engineering office, and PG&E line practice became his schooling. Then came the multi-megawatt lines feeding the RCA station at Bolinas, the Navy, and a working life in power, transmission, telephone and maritime systems.
The system he learned had two loads, the incandescent lamp and the induction motor. “Neither of those generate any harmonics,” he says. It was delta connected, insulated and closed, and a delta winding gave the triple harmonics a loop to circulate in instead of a wire to travel on. Every induction motor was also a generator, so the iron and copper spinning across the country carried the system through a brownout.
How the system was turned inside out
The Y connection came in through office-building lighting, and fluorescent lamps put the first third-harmonic current on the lines. In a four-wire Y system the triple harmonics do not cancel in the neutral; they add. Then the high-voltage neutral was bonded to the customer’s neutral and ground rod. In Dollard’s words, “the whole system has been turned inside out Delta into an open system, which is Y, which is an antenna.”
The loads changed too. “Rectifiers are a very prodigious source of harmonics,” he says, and the grid is now full of them: inverters, LEDs, variable-frequency drives that short the line for a microsecond every half cycle. One example is close to home: a gas station motor controller in Tonopah that shock-excites his Tesla transformer through the shared neutral.
The ground pin in your outlet is not ground
“Don’t get any idea that the ground pin on your wall outlet is any type of ground at all,” Dollard says. The round pin connects to the building’s equipment-grounding wire, and in a typical North American service that wire is bonded to the neutral at the panel. It is not a private wire to clean earth.
He makes it concrete with the washing machine. Under the old arrangement its metal case was tied to your neutral, your ground rod and your neighbors’ ground rods, a local reference. With the transformers bypassed and a high-voltage neutral brought in, the same wet hands are connected to the high side of the line all the way back to the substation.
The same change took away the protection. With the grounded neutral, ground-fault relaying disappeared, so ground faults now burn instead of tripping, and Dollard shows the substation and pole-fire footage. His verdict on why it continues: “It’s not an engineering problem we’re dealing with here. It’s a sociology problem.”
Earthing sheets plugged into the outlet are not earthing you
Most people who sleep on an earthing sheet or mat plugged into the ground hole of a wall outlet believe it connects them to the earth. It does not. That wire runs to the building’s grounding conductor, which is bonded to the neutral at the panel, and the neutral is where the harmonics and switching noise of every load on the system end up. Plug yourself into it and your body is wired into that circuit, with its noise riding on you all night.
Dollard put a scope on it. “If you put a scope on the ground on any of the regular 110-volt outlets, that ground is very noisy. And people that are connecting these earthing mats and all the pads on the beds with the wire into that ground, you’re soaking all that garbage up. It’s better to do nothing than to use these earthing mats connected to ground.” His summary in the Q&A is blunter: “You’re connecting yourself right to the gangrene energy.”
It is also an electrical safety issue. A wiring fault, a lost neutral or a miswired outlet can put voltage on that ground wire, and anything tied to it, including a person lying on a sheet, is tied to that voltage. If you want to be connected to the earth, in Dollard’s words, “you’ve got to get down in it.”
Measured, not theorized
Dollard does not ask you to imagine a bad sine wave. He shows the traces: the waveforms from wall outlets in town after town on a drive across the country, and the scope on the neutral at Tonopah, referenced to his own station ground. The neutral current, he says, “has all these radio frequency type things on top of it,” and looks more like a television video signal than anything that should come out of a wall outlet. When a digital scope image is too poor to tell an instrument artifact from a real waveform, he says so.
What is inside the full 155 minutes
The 80-amp neutral reading, step by step, and why it drove Dollard off every Y-connected service for the rest of his career.
The Rural Electrification Administration decisions that put transmission voltages on Y loads.
The substation that exploded when a traveling wave jumped the gap between its 33 kV and 7,200-volt sides and burned out the electronics in a whole town.
The transformer connections chapter from his unpublished 800-page three-phase book, including why a delta-to-Y conversion shifts the reference 90 degrees, not the 30 taught in school.
The Q&A: what he would do to fix the grid, and the isolation-transformer arrangement he recommends for a house. “Isolation transformer is the only thing that works.”
The video gives you what a post cannot: the drawings, the traces and the full reasoning, connection by connection, so that when you look at a pole or a panel you see what he sees.
Dollard’s other 2026 presentation, The Alexanderson Antenna, goes from the Bolinas blueprints to a radio telescope pointed into the Earth. Al Francoeur’s Onan and Dynamotor Tech is the bench report on a motor-generator that ran from April 17 to the solstice.
EPD Laboratories, Inc. is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit carrying Eric Dollard’s work forward at its Tonopah, Nevada field site. Donations are tax-deductible. Donate to EPD Laboratories.
Energy Times announces each 2026 conference release as it comes out. It is free, and you can leave any time. Get Energy Times.
Aaron Murakami Energy Science and Technology Conference · emediapress.com
